In a landmark judgment that brings much-needed clarity to the assessment of income in motor accident compensation claims, the Supreme Court of India has laid down a structured formula for determining the annual income of deceased victims under the Motor …
The doctrine of “Equal Pay for Equal Work” has evolved into one of the most significant labour and constitutional principles in Indian jurisprudence. What began as a Directive Principle of State Policy has gradually transformed into an enforceable constitutional right through judicial …
The relationship between a doctor and a patient has traditionally been built on trust, ethics, and professional responsibility. For many years, there was uncertainty in India over whether patients could invoke consumer protection remedies against doctors and hospitals for medical …
In a significant ruling strengthening consumer rights in employer-provided healthcare services, the Supreme Court of India held that medical treatment provided by an employer to its employees as part of service conditions cannot be treated as “free service” under consumer …
In an important ruling concerning cash transactions and recovery of debts, the Madras High Court has held that a loan advanced in cash, even if it violates the provisions of the Income Tax Act, does not automatically become illegal or …
In a significant ruling strengthening the legal framework governing cheque dishonour disputes, the Kerala High Court has reiterated that a demand notice returned with the postal endorsement “unclaimed” can still satisfy the statutory notice requirement under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments …
In a significant ruling protecting the rights of bank customers while maintaining the integrity of investigations, the Karnataka High Court has clarified that banks cannot impose a complete freeze on a customer’s bank account when investigative agencies have directed freezing …
In a significant judgment reinforcing the constitutional principle of “equal pay for equal work,” the Supreme Court of India delivered a major ruling in Shah Samir Bharatbhai & Ors. v. State of Gujarat & Ors. (2025 INSC 1026). The Court held that contractual …
In a significant judgment strengthening employee protection under service jurisprudence, the Supreme Court of India has ruled that dismissal from service should be imposed only in cases involving grave misconduct and only after carefully evaluating all relevant circumstances. The Court …
In a notable judgment strengthening employee rights under Indian labour laws, the Himachal Pradesh High Court has reiterated that employers cannot terminate workers arbitrarily after they have completed 240 days of continuous service without complying with mandatory legal requirements under …
In a significant ruling clarifying the legal position relating to contractual employment in government-supported schemes, the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh has held that a contractual employee cannot invoke the constitutional safeguards available under Article 311 of …
In a significant judgment concerning cheque dishonour cases under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the Kerala High Court has ruled that any alteration in the date of a cheque that is not authenticated by the drawer through a full signature …
In a significant ruling, the Kerala High Court has clarified an essential procedural requirement under Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, holding that a cheque dishonour complaint under Section 138 cannot be sustained unless the statutory demand notice explicitly mentions the exact …
In a significant reaffirmation of the legal position on compounding of cheque dishonour offences, the Supreme Court of India has held that a conviction under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 can be quashed if the parties arrive …
In a significant ruling reinforcing the principles of vicarious liability in corporate offences, the Telangana High Court has quashed criminal proceedings initiated against the Chairman and Managing Director of Sankhya Infotech Limited in an alleged Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) default …
In a significant ruling strengthening the rights of accident victims and their dependents, the Orissa High Court, in New India Assurance Company Ltd. v. Namita Mohanty, enhanced the compensation awarded by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) to ₹1,18,40,045 along with …
In a significant development for employees across India, the Karnataka High Court has reaffirmed the right of employees in exempted establishments to claim higher pension under the Employees’ Pension Scheme (EPS), 1995, provided their provident fund (PF) contributions were made …
The Kerala High Court has reinforced the legal significance of a voluntary guilty plea in cheque dishonour cases, holding that an accused who consciously admits guilt to secure a lenient outcome cannot later challenge the resulting conviction. This important ruling, …
In a significant ruling that reflects the evolving nature of banking systems, the Karnataka High Court has held that a cheque return memo does not mandatorily require a bank’s seal or signature to establish dishonour under Section 138 of the …
In a significant ruling reinforcing the strict compliance framework under labour welfare laws, the Orissa High Court has held that failure to deposit Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) dues within the prescribed time constitutes a penal offence. The Court made it …